Lesson 24: Qalqalah & Advanced Madd Rules

Qalqalah (قلقلة) — The Bounce

When these five letters have a sukun, they produce a bouncing/vibrating sound:

ق ط ب ج د

Example: قَلْب (qalb — heart) — the ب bounces. تَبَّتْ (tabbat) — both ب and ت bounce.

Advanced Madd (Stretching) Rules

Type	Length	Condition
Madd Tabee'i	2 counts	Normal long vowel
Madd Muttasil	4-5 counts	Long vowel + hamza in same word
Madd Munfasil	2-4-5 counts	Long vowel + hamza in next word
Madd Lazim	6 counts	Long vowel + sukun/sukoon-like letter

Example of Madd Muttasil: جَآءَ (jā'a) — the alif stretches because hamza follows in the same word.